Commercial Geography is the relation between Geographic Structure and Commercial Activities. The Commerce depends on the structure of the Geography and related factors such as Land Structure, Population, Climate, Temperature, Stability and many other things.
Definition of Commercial Geography
“Commercial geography is a form of geography concerned with the production and supply of raw materials including agricultural output and finished goods.”
Meaning
Commercial Geography includes two words
1. Commerce and
2. Geography
Commercial Geography is mainly concern with the term ‘Geography of transport systems’.
Transportation is a fundamental factor related to mobility. Mobility is necessary for economic and social activities as well as for communication, manufacturing, or supply of energy from one place to another.
Important attributes of commercial Geography
- Origin
- Intermediate locations
- Destination
- Nature
Base of Commercial Activities
- Need for Commercial activities
- Demand
- Supply
- Market
- Business and
- Trade
Factors promoting market, business and trade, Location, Culture and Transportation are also another important factors related with it.
Resources of the Commercial Activities
Types of Commercial resources
- Primary Commercial activates: These are Primary Commercial activities which uses Primary Resources.
- Secondary Commercial activities: These commercial activities done by using Secondary Resources.
Commercial Resources of Agriculture
Agricultural products and their distribution inland (major cities only) and utilization (abroad)
Major areas of Production are also important in case of Commercial resources from Agricultural area
Commercial Agriculture: The Commercial Agriculture consists of live stock, Piscary (Fishery) trade & Home Culture.
The agro Technology, agro Commercial activities, storage, Communication, The Pattern of Distribution also act as important part here.
Commercial Resources: Minerals & Powers
Commercial resources such as minerals and powers are required for commercial activities.
Important minerals and power resources
Their production, distribution and uses for commercial activities
Energy and powers such as Oil, Gas, Electricity and Solar energy, Nuclear Energy
Commercial Resources: Industry
Industrial products acts as an important resource for commercial trade and its geography.
Types of industries are the major part of it:
Cottage Industry
Small scale Industry and
Large scale
Major industries, their distribution and major problems of industrial development
Means of Transportation and communication
Time, distance and cost are the main factors which affect on the Transportation and Communication of Goods and Services and on other commercial activities.
Means or modes of transportation and means of communication are also important factor affecting on commercial activities
Major Commercial Activities
Financial Institutions such as National and International banks, Insurance companies, Government agencies are the important institutions involved in Commerce and trade.
These can be classified as-
i. National financial institutions
- National Banks
- National Insurance companies
- Government Agencies
- Other National Financial Institutions
ii. International Financial Institutions
IBRD (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development) –Now it called World Bank
IMF (International Monetary Fund)
IFC (International Financial Corporations)
Other Commercial Activities-
Imports Exports Activities
BOP (Balance of payments) and BOT (Balance of trade)
Foreign Exchange and related Activities
Major commercial cities and ports
Major commercial cities and ports of the world and particular regions are crucial for this commercial Geography.
Four major commercial cities of the World and their commercial activities are given as below:
- London
- New York
- Tokyo
- Cairo